Browsing by Department "Chanakya University, Bengaluru"

This study is about the awareness of AI tools and AI Powered Library Services (AIPLS) among Library and Information Science (LIS) professionals and their use of AI in library operations regarding service delivery. This study was conducted through a questionnaire distributed to LIS professionals and sought to assess the current awareness level on AI, usage of AI in daily activities, preferred AI tools, and analysis of benefits and limitations on the adoption of AI for efficiency, user satisfaction, and ethics. 85 responses were obtained from study participants, out of which were two-thirds female. Majority of respondents were occupants of the profession of librarians (49%), and they were working in colleges (38%). Study results show that LIS professionals are aware of what AI has to offer, but the use of AI tools and AI Powered Library Services (AIPLS) is at various levels as compared to their belief that AI provides support to instead of entirely replacing librarians. With the findings, the study provides a basis for addressing resource and training obstacles in promoting the adoption of AI in LIS education. Findings speak to AI's impact on libraries and will inform future practices and training needs for LIS professionals.

This paper describes the necessity of the Electronic Resource Management System CORAL for libraries in the contemporary digital world. It explains the importance of the open-source Electronic Resources Management System CORAL, the prerequisites for its installation and its featured modules. The paper reveals that CORAL is an excellent software that can help library professionals in managing various categories of electronic resources. And unveiled that the installation and maintenance of CORAL is quite easy.

Educational institutions plays a crucial role in providing electronic resources to research scholars, students, and professionals. To ensure the integrity of licensed information and prevent malpractices, these institutions must uphold ethical standards. Additionally, they should raise awareness among users about issues such as copyright, data duplication, plagiarism, and other related concerns. This study is on Karnatak University research scholars for consideration of the ethics. Most of the respondents i,e., 41(68.3%) are aware of the copyright laws related to e-resources, only 1(1.7%) respondent never used open access resources for reference purpose and mainly this study found that the respondents i.e., 23 (38.3%) are strongly agreed the statement that yes very clearly communicated about ethical guidelines in using e-resources.

The knowledge of landscape dynamics aids in evolving strategies for the prudent management of natural resources to sustain ecosystem services. The availability of spatiotemporal remote sensing data with advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms has aided in assessing the ecological status in urban environments, markedly revealing complex patterns and interactions. The current communication presents landscape dynamics in the Bengaluru Urban district from 1973 to 2022 using a supervised machine learning technique based on the Random Forest algorithm with temporal Landsat data, which showed a 51.86% increase in the built-up area and a 26.28% decrease in the green cover. Rapid unplanned urbanization after globalization and the opening up of Indian markets (in Bengaluru city) has witnessed erosion in the natural surface (waterbodies and green cover) in the neighborhood, which has been impacting the health of the environment and people. Computation of fragmentation indices showed a decline of the native green cover by 177.2 sq. km. in the southern part of the district. Likely land use changes are predicted using the Cellular Automata Markov model considering the base case scenario. The analyses revealed a further possible increase in built-up to 1536.08 sq. km, a decrease in green cover by 14.32 sq. km by 2038, and the disappearance of water bodies, which highlights the need to mitigate the adverse impacts of land use changes through planned urbanization considering the environment and livelihood of local communities. The decline of heat sinks such as water bodies and green cover would contribute to an increase in the land surface temperature (LST), which would affect the microclimate of Bengaluru, highlighting the need to sustain ecosystem services to support the livelihood of local communities. Understanding the ecological significance of diverse habitat characteristics of the urban region and the prediction of likely changes in a high degree of spatial heterogeneity would assist the decision-makers in framing appropriate policies.

This is a study of a rare seventeenth century palm-leaf manuscript named the Grahaṇamukura, which has been carefully preserved in a private collection for more than 400 years. This manuscript was used to calculate eclipses, and has bilingual text, with verses in Sanskrit and a commentary in Kannaḍa, a southern Indian language. It is a handy manual for the prediction of eclipses following the methods prescribed in treatises. In the absence of the name of the author anywhere in the text, we conjecture that it was written by the father–son duo, Demaṇa Joyisaru and Śaṅkaranārāyaṇa Joyisaru of Sringeri. In this paper the contents of the text are summarized.

The need for systemic healthcare policies to systematically eliminate NTDs globally and in India has been stressed for more than two decades. Yet, the present policies and the research on them do not meet the need. We present an ontological framework, a research roadmap, and a policy brief to address the gap. The ontology clearly, concisely, and comprehensively represents the combinations of diseases, the objectives regarding the diseases, the entities to address them, the outcomes sought, and the potential policy instruments to invoke. The paper explicates the state of the-policies and state of the research on policies to eliminate NTDs in India. It highlights the significant gaps in the diseases covered, balance in the objectives, comprehensiveness of policies, portfolio of outcomes, and involvement of entities. Last, it presents a set of systemic policies congruent with the ontology to systematically address the gaps. The recommendations are aligned with the present research, policies, practices, and recommendations in India and of the WHO, UN agencies, and other similar bodies. The approach can be generalized to provide roadmaps for other countries facing a similar challenge and for other diseases of similar complexity. The roadmaps, with continuous feedback and learning, can help navigate the challenge efficiently and effectively.

The quantum dots (QD) interface in solution can significantly influence electron transfer dynamics, impacting quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells as well as various biological, environmental, and industrial systems. Here, we propose a method to identify the contribution of quantum dots’ interface-created static electric field to the nonlinear optical response (NLO) due to four-wave mixing (FWM), especially for the nanoparticles where surface contribution is high. We implement a way to disentangle the FWM response in QDs, originating from the three incoming oscillating laser fields (NLOoscillating) and a contribution (NLOstatic) arising from the three oscillating laser fields and the static electric field caused by the interface. Advanced two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) employs phase-resolved heterodyne techniques where the FWM response is measured in a particular phase-matched direction and the response is distinctively phase sensitive. Theoretical analysis shows that alterations in the interface can introduce phase variation in the NLOstatic signal resulting in distinct changes in 2D spectra. Our studies establish a range of ionic strength (10–6 M < x < 10–3 M), which can be important to untwine, the usual NLO signal (NLOoscillating) from the NLO (NLOstatic) contributed by the interface of quantum dots. This analysis could open up possibilities for studying various dynamics occurring specifically at the interface and also paves the way for exploring different ion interactions through phase changes in 2D spectra. Additionally, it offers enormous scope for employing deep learning-assisted phase recognition.

The bluetongue virus (BTV), transmitted by biting midges, poses a significant threat to livestock globally. This orbivirus induces bluetongue disease, leading to substantial economic losses in the agricultural sector. The current control measures have limitations, necessitating the development of novel, efficient vaccines. In this study, an immunoinformatics approach is employed to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine for Ovis aries targeting six BTV serotypes. Focusing on the VP2 capsid protein, the vaccine incorporates B-cell, helper-T lymphocytes (HTL), and cytotoxic T-cell lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes. Molecular docking reveals stable interactions with TLR2 and TLR4 receptors, suggesting the stability of the complex, indicating the potential viability of the multi-epitope vaccine. The computational approach offers a rapid and tailored strategy for vaccine development, highlighting potential efficacy and safety against BTV outbreaks. This work contributes to understanding BTV and presents a promising avenue for effective control.

Uttar Pradesh has a huge upside potential for economic growth if its people are engaged more productively. This study cursorily reviews the prospects of employment creation and argues that UP should focus on the secondary and tertiary sectors for generating self-employment opportunities. In this regard, growth diagnostics framework, developed at Harvard University, is used to analyse the possible constraints that may be impeding the entrepreneurship in the state. Based on secondary data analysis and wider consultation with many stakeholders, study provides observational conclusion that ‘access to finance’ can be a major constraint in growth of enterprises. This constraint is channelled through high-risk perception and aversion for microentrepreneurs from supply side of f inance. Additionally, other constraints such as coordination, infrastructure, lower desire for entrepreneurship among youth are also weakly identified. The study concludes with offering focused recommendations to deal with the identified obstacles in a systemic way, hitting their root causes.

This study investigates the information sharing behaviour of Gen Z students in use of social networking sites (SNSs). Social network sites have become a necessity for survival in today's interconnected world by transforming personal and professional lives to connect, communicate, and share information. This study employed a quantitative method, where the questionnaire was shared with the respondents through Google Forms via emails. The study comprised Generation Z Students among UG and PG students to understand their level of awareness of SNSs. The study found that both UG (52.28 %) and PG (47.71 %) students were aware of SNSs, and the majority of the students used smartphones (41.56%) to access these sites. Similarly, most respondents (31.36%) used SNSs for more than one hour daily. In addition, they used more than 2-3 forms of SNSs for varying purposes such as entertainment (13%), discussion, sharing of ideas/events (6.67%), communicating with new friends (4.58%), and interacting with teachers and friends for academic communication purpose (11.83%), job searching purpose (11.42%), etc. Furthermore, the study found that the most commonly used SNSs were WhatsApp (16.19%), YouTube (15.77%), and Instagram (15.01%). Notably, among the challenges Gen Z students face regularly include shifting the focus of using academic/research information to other purposes, unwanted advertisements (16.83%), data security (15.61%), privacy concerns (15.17%), and lack of concentration on their studies (25.05%). The study concluded that despite positive and negative perceptions, most Gen Z students were satisfied with using SNSs.

Why cancer cells disproportionately accumulate polyubiquitinated proteotoxic proteins despite high proteasomal activity is an outstanding question. While mis-regulated ubiquitination is a contributing factor, here we show that a structurally-perturbed and sub-optimally functioning proteasome is at the core of altered proteostasis in tumors. By integrating the gene coexpression signatures of proteasomal subunits in breast cancer (BrCa) patient tissues with the atomistic details of 26S holocomplex, we find that the transcriptional deregulation induced-stoichiometric imbalances perpetuate with disease severity. As seen in luminal BrCa cell lines, this imbalance limits the number of double-capped 19S-20S-19S holocomplexes (30S) formed and promotes free 20S catalytic core accumulation that is widely-believed to confer survival advantage to tumors. By retaining connectivity with key tumor 19S:20S interface nodes, the PSMD9 19S subunit chaperone emerges as a crucial regulator of 26S/30S:20S ratios sustaining tumor cell proteasome function. Disrupting this connectivity by depleting PSMD9 in MCF7 cells introduces structural anomalies in the proteasome, and shifts dependence from 20SHigh to a deregulated 26SHigh state invoking anti-tumor responses which opens up clinically-relevant therapeutic possibilities.

Management education in India is elitist - attracting the well-heeled young men and women for positive association. It is predominantly a derivative of western management thoughts and practices. The foundations of Indian philosophy and worldview are unique and different from those of other countries. It has not evolved according to the situation on the ground in India. Or, at best, its development has been random. This monograph, based on a larger study, attempts to answer the following five questions as a basis to determine the relevance and course correction of management education and practices in India reflecting the ground realities. a) Is management applicable only to business situations? b) Is the functional approach in management inevitable? c) Is management applicable to non-organizational situations? d) Is there any inter-dependence between management education and practices? e) Does management in India need to focus more Indian thought? More than a hundred articles in international and Indian contexts have been reviewed to investigate the unexplored dimensions of management education and practices in India. The study focuses on conceptual gaps; contextual gaps; methodological gaps; identification and selection of the cases; data collection and analysis; management by individuals; and management for individuals. The management education in India is out of sync with the ground reality. It is time to revitalise it by contextualising both course curriculum and andragogy. This monograph has made a serious attempt and offered a few suggestions to re-engineer the management education in India. It presents a case for all those people responsible for management education in India to take a fresh look at the course curriculum and andragogy.

The mental health effects of the Covid-19 pandemic across the globe have been significant, are ongoing, and will persist for a long time. Mental healthcare systems (MHS) to address these effects have been stressed beyond their limit. They have had to: (a) sense the developments and respond to the changing needs quickly, (b) be agile in obtaining feedback and learning from it in very short cycle times, and (c) immediately integrate their personal local experience, the reported global experience and translate the learning to practice. This intense learning cycle has spawned an enormous corpus of research on MHS during COVID-19 and shifted the paradigm of research. Lessons from the paradigm shift should be embraced and normalized in the roadmap for MHS research post COVID-19. This paper presents an ontology of MHS as a framework to systematically: (a) visualize in structured natural-English the dimensions, elements, and narratives of MHS research, (b) map the emphases and gaps in the research during COVID-19, and (c) develop a roadmap to shift the future research paradigm.

The increasing number and intensity of floods in India show the urgent need for better early-warning systems that combine different data sources and modeling methods. To address this need, this paper introduces the Multi-Source Hybrid Framework (MSHF). MSHF merges an LSTM-Transformer module for analyzing rainfall and discharge patterns over time, a Graph Neural Network for understanding spatial dependencies in river networks, a satellite-radar fusion pipeline for detailed precipitation mapping, and a social media sentiment analyzer for gathering situational awareness from crowdsourcing. All these elements are connected by an attention-based ensemble meta-learner. MSHF runs on a cloud platform that processes real-time gauge and weather data from over 200 stations in the Brahmaputra, Ganga, and Krishna basins. It generates rolling six hour forecasts with an end-to-end delay of under five minutes. Trained on historical events from the INDOFLOODS database and validated with data from 2021 to 2024, MSHF achieves over ninety-five percent predictive accuracy and high hydrological efficiency. A comparative evaluation against standalone LSTM-Transformer, GNN, satellite-radar, and social media models uses paired t-tests and chi-square goodness-of-fit tests to confirm significant statistical improvements. Targeted ablation experiments—Temporal, Spatial, Fusion, Social, and Attention Ablations—show that removing any component significantly reduces performance. Operational trials also demonstrate consistent detection of severe flood events with few false alarms across various lead times and river basins. This emphasizes MSHF’s readiness for proactive flood risk reduction in India’s diverse hydrological contexts.

Right from the dawn of civilisation, every society had this problem: How to save food for the proverbial rainy days - safe from microbes and insects out to spoil it. The ancient Indian wisdom of preserving food, both perishable and non-perishable, has survived for centuries. Based on wisdom passed through generations, our ancestors practised several food preservation methods. For several years, these methods were on the decline. However, of late they are staging a comeback with necessary modifications. Regardless of the recent advances in modern food storage technologies, the revival of low-cost, readily available, environment friendly ancient food storage methods appear to be a promising option to minimise the post- harvest losses. Understanding the science behind these traditional practices and improvising them to make them relevant in the present context is the need of the hour as borne out by the studies we conducted in different climatic conditions of India. We studied the various food preservation methods prevalent in these regions and reviewed their potential for modern times. There is no doubt that traditional storage methods, when appropriately modified, can significantly reduce losses and contribute to increased food security and poverty alleviation by increasing the returns of smallholder farmers.

The midnight sun is a fascinating phenomenon observed near the Earth’s poles. Whether it is known through observation or through theory, it is bound to provoke one’s curiosity, since it involves the most familiar object in the sky, viz. the sun. This paper seeks to investigate the various ways in which this phenomenon was understood or considered in ancient literature, focusing on Indian astronomical literature. It is found that some texts primarily describe the phenomena at the poles themselves, while the remaining additionally describe the latitudes at which one would see days that are a few months long. A comparison is made across texts in order to facilitate an understanding of the methods and the accuracy of the texts discussed.

The soil has a wide variety of microorganisms that are part of a varied ecosystem that includes plants. It has long been understood that some of these microorganisms, such as nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria or mycorrhizal fungi, play significant roles in plant performance by enhancing mineral nutrition. However, only recently have researchers begun to identify the full range of microorganisms connected to plants and their potential to replace artificial agricultural inputs. The understanding of the make-up and behaviour of rhizospheric microbiomes has advanced significantly in recent years. Long-term use of these fertilisers frequently results in a drop in pH and exchangeable bases, rendering them inaccessible to crops and lowering agricultural productivity. Farmers have become increasingly reliant on chemical sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to solve this issue and increase plant yields.

Hinduism is considered unique in the world of religions since it had no founder yet grew gradually over five thousand years, absorbing, assimilating, and guiding all other faiths to bear the cultural heritage of India. Hinduism has no Bible/Koran/Dhammapadam to find potential solutions for problems. Hinduism clarifies the differences and shared beliefs of different schools of thought within it, thus resembling Christianity binding human civilization with a common thread. There is no historical creator of Hinduism as in Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism. According to the literature (Hindu text, the Bhagvad Gita), relationships of human/nature (yagna), human/divine (tapas), and human/human (dana) are conceptualized to stitch human beings and nature through soil, soul, and society. This suggests a high level of realization to connect these three to have a harmonious relationship with nature and sustain human civilization. All religions address soils differently and portray diverse cultural patterns of understanding this valuable natural resource. According to Hindu religious belief, soil (matter, nature) is considered divine and respected as Mother. Soil is seen as a feminine donor, attributed predominantly to chthonic (Ancient Greek word: khthon, which means earth or soil). In Hinduism soil is referred as dharti/bhoo mata: Mother Earth is also related to cosmic elements. In Buddhism, the soil is described as a symbol of dust in this ephemeral world to support life. Humans belong to nature, and when they cultivate soil, it always reverberates in their mind. To relate humans with soils, two different types of religious concepts, namely natural religion and salvation religion are postulated. During the long history of human civilisation with primal religion (Primal religion has a priority where the fundamental aspect of religion is available). Being dominant, the soil is considered supernatural and controlled by an unseen power. Soils are part of religious reverence, justifying certain rituals to sustain their fertility. However, the modern-day approach to soils takes environment, ethics, and ecology as more essential aspects. Human ecology is related to human concepts of nature and destiny (religion). Hindu religion always considers land/soil as mother earth, cautioned about its use and abuse, and recommends its preservation for posterity. Given this, Hinduism and other religions such as Jainism, Buddhism, and Sikhism and their concepts indirectly believe in the environment and ecological sustenance. They are in line with the modern-day vision.

The Indian government health system faces numerous structural challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, a low patient-to-doctor ratio, high work pressure, and an unsafe work environment. This study investigates young Indian doctors’ perspectives on pursuing a career in government hospitals. It highlights key concerns in the government health sector and recommends urgent policy reforms. Using a mixed methodology, both exploratory and empirical analyses were conducted. Focus group discussions with senior and young doctors in government hospitals helped identify career perceptions of young Indian doctors, concerns about working conditions, and safety issues in the Indian government health sector. Subsequently, a sample size of 206 young doctors was chosen using a simple random sampling method. A semistructured questionnaire was developed to gather data, which included a hypothetical policy to elicit young doctors preferences for changes in the government health system. The data were analysed and interpreted using the tables and graphs representing descriptive statistics. The findings highlight the high social costs associated with the reluctance of young doctors to join the Indian government’s health sector. It is revealed that 42.7% of young doctors are inclined to migrate abroad for better career prospects. Additionally, concerns about unsafe working conditions outweigh salary considerations for many doctors. 93% of the respondents indicated that they would be willing to work in the government sector if the proposed policy changes were implemented. The major policy recommendations highlighted from this study are the enactment of a new law to safeguard the security of medical professionals, increasing the recruitment of doctors, and increasing the salary of doctors.